Background of the Study
Nursing is often regarded as one of the most emotionally and physically demanding professions. Nurses, who are on the front lines of patient care, are frequently exposed to stressful situations, including dealing with life-threatening illnesses, long working hours, and insufficient resources. The intense emotional strain and physical exhaustion associated with nursing can lead to burnout and depression, which adversely affect the well-being of nurses and the quality of care they provide (Chavez et al., 2023). In Adamawa State, the healthcare system faces particular challenges such as a lack of staff, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and exposure to trauma, which contribute to the psychological burdens on nurses.
Burnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, whereas depression can manifest as sadness, fatigue, and a loss of interest in work. Both conditions are interrelated and may significantly impact the mental health of nurses. While studies on nursing burnout and depression have been conducted globally, there is a gap in understanding the specific psychological challenges faced by nurses in Adamawa State. This study seeks to examine the psychological impact of nursing on burnout and depression among nurses in Adamawa State, focusing on the contributing factors and coping mechanisms.
Statement of the Problem
Nurses in Adamawa State work in an environment fraught with emotional and physical stressors. High patient volumes, exposure to severe medical conditions, and long shifts exacerbate stress levels. However, the lack of systematic support for mental health and wellness in healthcare settings can result in high levels of burnout and depression among nurses. This affects not only their well-being but also patient care, job satisfaction, and retention rates. The study seeks to understand how nursing roles and working conditions contribute to burnout and depression and identify potential interventions to mitigate these effects.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the levels of burnout and depression among nurses in Adamawa State.
2. To explore the factors contributing to burnout and depression in the nursing profession in Adamawa State.
3. To evaluate the coping mechanisms employed by nurses to manage stress and mental health challenges in Adamawa State.
Research Questions
1. What are the levels of burnout and depression among nurses in Adamawa State?
2. What factors contribute to burnout and depression in nurses working in Adamawa State?
3. What coping mechanisms do nurses in Adamawa State use to deal with burnout and depression?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses in Adamawa State experience significant levels of burnout and depression.
2. Job-related stressors, such as long working hours and insufficient resources, contribute to higher levels of burnout and depression among nurses in Adamawa State.
3. Coping mechanisms, such as social support and professional counseling, significantly reduce burnout and depression among nurses in Adamawa State.
Definitions of Terms
• Burnout: A psychological syndrome resulting from prolonged exposure to stress, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment.
• Depression: A mental health disorder marked by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and a lack of energy, which may affect nurses' professional performance.